Apparatus for controlling electric motors.



No. 643,649. Patented Feb. 20, |900.

J. J. HERMANN.

APPARATUS FUR UDNTBBLLING ELECTRIC MJTGRS.

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No. 643,649. Patented Feb. 20, i900. J. J. HERMANN. APPARATUS F03 CONTRBLUNG ELECTRIC MOTORS.

(Applcmign le Nov. 8, 1899,)

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JEAN JACQUES HEILMANN, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING ELECTRlC MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 643,649, dated February 20, 1900.

Application filed November 8, 1899. Serial lio. 736,233. (No model.)

To rit whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEAN JACQUES HEIL- MANN, a citizen of the Republic of France, re siding at Paris, in the Department of the Seine, France, have invented certain nen and useful improvements in Apparatus for the Control of Electric Motors; and i do de= elare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as *viii enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to inake and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention reiates to a special arrangement of apparatus for the control of the niotors of electric-motor cars en route when four motors are used for driving the Wheels.

This apparatus has for its object the grou ping of the four motors in series or parallel with or without resistauces in the particular manner hereinafter described.

Figures l, E, 3, i, and 5 on the accompanying drawings show the principle involved and the inode of its application. Fig. C shows a modiiication.

Supposing that e and b, Figs. l and 2, are the two motors which drive the two front wheels or the steering-wheels c of a vehicle and that d and e are the motors which drive the back wheels f. 1When the vehicle goes around a curve, Fig. 2, the motors l) and e turning at a less speed tend to produce disturbing forces of considerable moment, and if the potential at their terminals is the saine as that at the terminals of a and d it follows that they tend to set up a strong couple and that this inequality is detrimental to the regulating of turning, producing Strains on the steering-handle and skidding of the wheeis. This effect is not produced if the four motors are grouped in series; but it can stili be pro duced when thei7 are grouped in two series of two if this grouping is effected in any way Whatever. Supposing, in olloct, that it is arranged as shown in Fig. l-that is to say, ihat the two motors on the same side oi' the vehicle will he in series-the motors l1 and e will tend to produce a stronger couple, and the inconvenience I have indicated Will ohtain. If, on thc contrary, the motor a is put in series with l) or e and d in series with c or o, the inconvenience in question will disappear or will be greatly diminished. Such is the disposition that is desired to he patented and which Figs. 25 and i represent in two different ways diagianiniatieailv. Fig. represents an apparatus having this arrangement. The drum g, which carries the movable con tants r, is shown as developed in plan. The xed contacts are marked 2T, and j is the source of electricity, iaccuniulators, for example.) a l) d c are the four motors hereinhefore described. For the sake of simplicity the brake and reversing-gear are not shown. The position l-that is to say, the position when the inovahle contacts situated on the generatingx line 'l coule into contact with the lined contact-pieces corresponds to the grouping of the four motors in series with the additional resistances lo. The position 2 corresponds to the same grouping, but with the resistance out of circuit. The position 3 corresponds to the grouping of the niotorsin series of two, with additional resistance. The position at has the saine grouping of the motors, but without resistance. These positions 3 and l are those which form the object of my invention.

I can apply the inode of control hercinbefore described not only in the case whore the four motors are entirely distinct, as I have described, but also in that where there aro only two motors-that is to say, two motor- Wheels only-and Whore each of the motors is provided with two windings. Fig. o' rep resents such an arrangement of axle with tivo inotorwheels c c2, the Wheel c' being driven by the motor a' and the wheel by the motor o". (These motors are supposed to be series wound.) The armature p of the motor a carries two distinct windings, one of these Wind ings being connected to the coilectorl and the other to the collector t". in asimilar way the armature p of the motor l1 is provided with two windings, which are connected, respectively, to the collectors rm m'. The magnetwinding of each motor is equally divided into two sections 'n n for the inotor a and o o for the motor if. My system of working as appiied to this case is represented diagramE matically in Fig. --that is to say, that in the grouping Whore the collectors are tivo by two in parallel and the magnet-windings two by two in parallel they are the two windings of the same motor which are in parallel, the two motors o' D' are found to be connected in series. Then as in each of those the two eolleetors are in parallel and the two magnett system where cach of the motors ai and U has two distinct armatures or two distinct magnets in the place of having two windings ou the same armature and on the same magnet, as is represented inthe ligure.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters latent, is-

l. In electric-motor cars four motors, arranged in series diagonally two by two, so that one ofthe motors on the one side of the carriage is in series with one of the motors on the other side, and adapted to equalize the strains and pressure of the current in the two series of motors when the vehicle is turning a curve, substantially as described.

The combination with a four-wheeled electrie-1notor vehicle, of four motors, one for each wheel, each motor being in series with one on the opposite side of the vehicle, but not in series with the other motoren the same side thereof, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

An electric-motor vehicle having two motors on each side, those on one side being in multiple series with those on the other side, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ln testimony whereof I atix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JEAN JACQUES IIEILMANN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD P. MACLEAN, HENRY DANZER. 

